Chemical filter.



G. S. BRADLEY.

GHEMIGAL FILTER.

APPLIOATION FILED DEO.18, 1912.

00 1 9 00 2 M. 0 a 9 t n m a P L T E E H J S m E E H S 3 0. s. BRADLEY. CHEMICAL FILTER.

APPLICATION FILED D150. 18, 1912.

1,077,037. Patented Oct. 28, 1913.

3 5HEETS-SHEET 2.

0'. S. BRADLEY. CHEMICAL FILTER. APPLICATION FILED DIE-0.18. 1912.

1A,@??,03?. Patented 0011.28, 1913.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

, CHARLES s. BRADLEY, or'usw Yon nn i' G nesis mam To all whom it may concern: v I Be it known that I, CHARLES S. BRADLEY, a citizen of the United States,', residing in f New York, borough ofManhat-ta'n, State of 5 New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Chemical Filters; of which the followingis a full and clear specification. 7 My invention relates in general to the con 10 struction and operation of filters designed Y primarily with reference to the filtrationof solutions. Such operations frequently in-= volve the handling of chemical substances which attack any structural -metal with which they. come in contact. In the'filtra-- tion of metallic solutions which are obtained in wet chemical processes for the concentrae 7 tion of 'ore values provision must be made for the removal of slimes which form: the

cake upon the filtering medium. Many proposals have been made for removing the cake from the filtering medium, usually -by the employment of a current of compressed air or fluid in the reverse direction through the filtering medium wherebythe cakewis blown 013:. Such filters usually operate under the pressure or suction principle so that it is necessary that-the filtering medium be provided with channels or passages through to facilitate the passage of-the solutions and second to provide for blgwing ofi the cake. 7

[Important objects of my invention are to provide a filter which :is not injuriously affected by acid or other "active solutions, to

construct a filter so as :-to withstand the strains of pressure or suction which maybe utilizd in the operation of filtering oriblowin-g ofithe cake, and to-obtainan method of operating filters.-

A further important ob ect of .my invenj tion is toprovide an improved filterbrick.

construction. v r Other objects and advantages of the in 'vention will be apparent from the illustration and description in detail of a specific embodiment of the invention. which will Specification Q j 'l en PatentedGctLvZS 1913a Application filed December-18;1912. ;i1Seria1K9 7314553, l

\ filter constru cted inv accordance with my sure and suction passageway and the d'istrii-j 'bution chambers communicating therewit Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the sarn'e jtal n5 transversely of the filter; Fig. 7 is a vertical sectionof the same 2 the filter;

cement while being employe d'by me; is ,hot which the suction or pressure operates first improvedj receive the solutions:andlgangue to tered from atrough .17 ,{formed in the en; "Wall .13 and deliver them, through, the pp provided with longitudinal;cond1rits]19 7 Each filter brick,;,.as shown? inidetail the-inve on. to o her} mbe m sil ndjep'.a plications thereof,

In the drawings, Figure. s'a top view'showing the general/arrangement of 60.. vent-ion; Fig. 2 is, alongitudinalvertical section thereof with a .filter carj shownini diagram; Fig. 3 is ,atransverse verticalsec tion of the filter shownnin jFig. l ig.', lisa" detail pl anwiew of a corner ofjthef filter bed with the end ,and side walls sh pvirn'fin sed-i tion; Fig; 5 is a detail plan view,partin section showing a filterbrick withthefpr'es take -zl s te eel yib Thefilter 7 5 with the side walls :1ljand112 and an 'e'n d wall 13, .all of which are constructed] with concrete. Wherever exposedyj to"th e 'solu tions the filter may be Jinedwithfacid proof cement,- as atfl l l finch acid proofcement may be obtained for/instance, part of sulfur ,with one; part" of s'an'd nd fusing themass together This particular in itselfmy own invention,"andgthereiiore I 35 make no, claim .to the cement, 1 ei, in this application. 5 The cement isino tacted upon by any of-gthe solutions commonly m *w'th in wet chemicalprocesses for the 'concent tion of ore values,..whether lthey be aci11;qr basiow .y 1 W 111';

The side, walls 11 and 12 .haveiorined them the supply troughs-15 and "16 which s 18 onto the .filterbed." The'foundaaqna tending longitudiilally oflthe filter'b enea th each of the side walls andthesecommunicate with transversely extending pressure and suction passages 20 formedinthe filter bricks as will-be shown; l

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 comprises en aci d proof base 21,- preferably constructedbf the "sulfur andrsandgcement referred ,to, above andin which arelformed TthQPQSSQg QYS 2 -5 5 which branch aplurality of pressure and suction distribution chambers 23. The upper portion of the brick is constructed of suitable porous material, such as silica sand forming the filtration portion 24. The base portion 21 and filtration portion 24 are fused together in any suitable way, as by a fused binder, for example, the sulfur of the base portion or they may be united in any other desired manner which is proof against chemical attack. The passages 22 extend entirely through the brick from one side to the other, whereas the chambers 23 as herein shown need not pass through the sides of the brick. In this way when the filter brick are laid on the foundation bed the passages 22 extend transversely across the filter, those of one brick communicating with those of another, as will be explained, while the chambers 23 are entirely local in their action and preferably do not extend from one brick to another. In assembling the bricks those at the sides of the filter have their passages 22 in communication with the main conduits 19 and metallic connecting sleeves 25 join the adjacent ports of the chambers 22 of adjacent bricks, so that communication from one brick to another transversely of the filter is maintained through the series of chambers 22.

For securing the bricks in place upon the foundation bed, the foundation bed is provided with transverse key spaces 26, and the base portion of the brick with key spaces 27, each of which is preferably undercut. Into these spaces which are preferably continuous transversely of the filter a thin binding cement may be run, which subsequently sets and locks each brick firmly in place upon the foundation. To facilitate the filling of the key spaces and for other purposes, which will appear, the filter bricks are not set snugly against each other, but are arranged with intermediate spaces around each brick and through these spaces the binding cement may be allowed to flow into the key spaces. These spaces are then allowed to partially fill with cement 28. The key spaces 26 and 27 terminate a short distance from the conduit 19 so that the cement does not flow into the latter. After the cement has set the top surfaces of the filter brick are ground off so as to form substantially flat continuous surfaces to facilitate the scraping operation employed in the removal of the cake, as will be described. It is for this reason that the cement filler 28 does not extend all the way to the top of the brick as the cement would interfere with the grinding operation.

As shown in Figs. 1,2 and 3 I provide tracks or ways 29 and 80 on the side walls 11 and 12 of the foundation upon which runs a filter car 31, provided with a scraper 32, and the conveyers 33 and 34. In the operation of the filter a charge of solutions and gangue or other materials to be filtered is run on to the filter bed by way of the troughs 15, 16 and 17. Suction is then applied through t-he-conduits 19 and the several passages and chambers in the filter bricks, whereby the filtration is caused to take place. The metal connections 25 which connect together the passages 22 of the several bricks are dissolved out by the action of the solutions, thus leaving continuous acid proof assages. For the removal of the cake, which is formed during the filtering operation the filter car 31 is run on to the filter and the scraper 32, which is adjusted to the proper elevation scrapes ofi all but a thin remnant of the cake, which remains next to the filter bricks. During the scraping operation the conveyer 33 elevates the cake and delivers it on to the cross conveyor 34, which may discharge it into a suitable receptacle. As the car reaches the end of the filter the scraper is automatically lifted from the filtering surface by the elevated portion of the track 30 so that the car can pass from one filter to another. After all but a remnant of the cake has been removed a new charge is run on and" pressure is then applied through the conduit 19, whereby the remnant of cake is blown from the surface and the pores of the filter brick. This remnant of cakeis thus thoroughly mixed with the new charge of solutions and the filter bed is in condition for another filtering operation.

The filter above described is suited to the filtration of solutions in general, but in cases where the solutions are especially active, as 100 where compounds of elements of variable valency are present which would attack any of the ordinary constructional materials, the sulfur and sand cement which I have described is of particular importance. It will be seen that by this construction of the filter, the solutions and materials treated come in contact with only the silica brick of the filtering medium and the sulfur and sand cement, the lower non-porous portion of the filter brick and all surfaces exposed to the solutions being constructed of this cement.

What I claim is: 1. A chemical filter comprising in combination a foundation, filtering medium laid on said foundation, with a substantially continuous and flat outer surface and having interior chambers for pressure and suction, whereby ressure and suction are sustained upwardly and downwardlyand displacing tendency of pressure and suction thus avoided, and means for communicating pressure and suction to said interior chamers. 2. A chemical filter comprising in combil nation a foundation, filter bricks laid on said foundation forming a substantially continuous and flat outer surface, and having interior chambers communicating from one brick to another, whereby pressure and suc- 1 cating pressure and suction to the interior chambers of the bricks and means for supplying material to be treated to the filtering surface.

4. A chemical filter comprising in combination a system of filter bricks having interior chambers for distributing pressure and suction within the individual bricks and passages providing communication from one brick to another, and means for communicating pressure and suction to said passages.

5. A chemical filter comprising in combination a foundation having a conduit therein, and filter bricks on said foundation, having interior chambers in communication with said conduit.

6. A chemical filter comprising in combination a foundation having a conduit therein, and filter bricks on said foundation having interior chambers for distributing pressure and suction within the bricks and passages providing communication between said chambers and said conduit.

7. A chemical filter comprising in combination a foundation having key spaces, a system of filter bricks on said foundation having key spaces in registry with the key spaces of the foundation, and filling material in said key spaces, forming keys by which the bricks are secured to the foundation.

8. A .chemical filter comprising in combination a concrete foundation having key spaces, a system of filter bricks having nonporous bases with key spaces, disposed on 9. An acid proof filter comprising in combination a concrete foundation having a conduit, of acid proof celrent lining upon the walls of said conduit and on the other portions of said foundation exposed to the materials filtered and a system of filter bricks disposed on said foundation having acid proof non-porous bases and chambers in communication with said conduit.

10. A filter brick comprising in combination a porous filtering portion and a nonporous acid proof base provided with chambers in communication with said porous filtering portion.

11. A filter brick comprising in co bination a porous filtering portion and,a nonporous base providedwith chambers in communication with said porous filtering portion.

12. An acid proof filter brick comprising in combination a porous filtering portion and a non-porous acid proof base, stid base having a fluid passage and interior chambers in communication therewith for distributing pressure and suction to said porous filtering portion. I

13. An acid proof'filter brick comprising in combinationa porous filtering portion and a non-porous base, said base having a fluid passage and interior chambers in communication therewith for distributing pressure and suction to said porous filtering portion.

14. In a filter, the combination with a plurality of filter members having fluid passages through them, a temporary metallic connection forming a temporary communication from the passage of one member to that of another, and a permanent acid proof body around said temporary connection.

CHARLES s. BRADLEY- Witnesses:

. GEORGE P. WELLooME,

KATHERINE LYONS.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the O'ommissionerof Patents, 

